Preposition
सम्पूर्ण नोट्स
Rules • Types • Examples • Practice • MCQ
1. Preposition क्या है?
Preposition वह word है जो किसी Noun या Pronoun का sentence के दूसरे word के साथ relationship बताता है।
The book is on the table.
The cat is under the chair.
He lives in Patna.
She goes to school.
2. Preposition के मुख्य प्रकार
Preposition of Time
समय बताता है।
at, on, in, since, for
Preposition of Place
स्थान या position बताता है।
in, on, at, under, above
Preposition of Direction
दिशा या movement बताता है।
to, into, towards, through
Preposition of Agent
कार्य करने वाले agent को बताता है।
by
Preposition of Instrument
साधन या instrument बताता है।
with, by
Other Relations
कारण, संबंध, possession आदि।
of, for, about, from
3. Preposition of Time – AT
At का प्रयोग सामान्यतः exact या specific time के लिए होता है।
at 5 o’clock
at 7:30
at noon
at midnight
at night
at sunrise
Example: I get up at 6 a.m.
4. Preposition of Time – ON
On का प्रयोग days और dates के साथ सामान्यतः किया जाता है।
on Monday
on Sunday
on 15 August
on my birthday
on Monday morning
Example: Our school is closed on Sunday.
5. Preposition of Time – IN
In का प्रयोग months, years, seasons और लंबे time periods के लिए होता है।
in January
in 2026
in winter
in the morning
in the evening
in the 21st century
Example: He was born in 2010.
6. AT – ON – IN आसान Trick
AT
Exact Time
at 5 p.m.
ON
Day / Date
on Monday
IN
Long Period
in July
7. Since और For
Since
Starting Point of Time
since 2020
since Monday
since morning
For
Period / Duration of Time
for two hours
for five years
for a week
Since: He has lived here since 2020.
For: He has lived here for five years.
For = कितने समय से?
8. By और Until / Till
By
किसी समय से पहले या उस समय तक कार्य पूरा हो जाना।
Finish it by Monday.
Until / Till
किसी समय तक action/state जारी रहना।
Wait until Monday.
9. Preposition of Place – IN
किसी enclosed space, area, city, state या country के अंदर होने के अर्थ में in का प्रयोग किया जाता है।
in the room
in the box
in Patna
in Bihar
in India
The students are in the classroom.
10. Preposition of Place – ON
किसी surface पर होने के अर्थ में on का प्रयोग किया जाता है।
on the table
on the wall
on the floor
on the roof
The book is on the table.
11. Preposition of Place – AT
At का प्रयोग किसी particular point या specific place को बताने के लिए होता है।
at the bus stop
at the station
at the door
at school
at home
He is waiting at the bus stop.
12. IN – ON – AT for Place
IN
Inside / Area
in the room
ON
Surface
on the table
AT
Specific Point
at the station
13. Above और Over
Above
ऊपर, जरूरी नहीं कि बिल्कुल सीधा ऊपर हो।
The fan is above my head.
Over
ऊपर या covering/across के अर्थ में भी आता है।
The plane flew over the city.
14. Below और Under
Below
Lower level पर।
The temperature is below zero.
Under
सीधे नीचे या covered position में।
The cat is under the table.
15. Between और Among
Between
दो अलग-अलग persons/things के बीच; कई distinct items के संबंध में भी प्रयोग हो सकता है।
Ram sat between Ravi and Mohan.
Among
किसी group या कई लोगों/वस्तुओं के बीच।
She was sitting among her friends.
Among → More than two / Group
16. Beside और Besides
Beside
Next to / पास में।
He sat beside me.
Besides
In addition to / इसके अलावा।
Besides English, he knows Hindi.
दोनों का meaning अलग है।
17. Into और In
In
Position बताता है।
He is in the room.
Into
बाहर से अंदर की ओर movement बताता है।
He went into the room.
18. On और Onto
On
Surface पर position.
The book is on the table.
Onto
Surface की ओर movement.
The cat jumped onto the table.
19. To और Towards
To
Destination की ओर movement.
He went to school.
Towards
किसी direction की ओर movement.
He walked towards the river.
20. Across और Through
Across
एक side से दूसरी side तक।
He walked across the road.
Through
किसी enclosed area के अंदर से होकर।
The train passed through the tunnel.
21. By और With
By
Agent या कुछ transport expressions में।
The poem was written by Tagore.
We travelled by train.
With
Instrument/tool के साथ।
He cut the apple with a knife.
22. Of और From
Of
Possession, relation या composition.
The colour of the car is red.
From
Source, origin या starting point.
He came from Delhi.
23. For
For purpose, benefit, duration आदि meanings में आता है।
This gift is for you.
He went there for work.
I waited for two hours.
24. About
About का अर्थ किसी विषय के बारे में होता है।
We talked about the examination.
This book is about science.
25. Common Fixed Prepositions
26. Important Preposition Rules
Rule 1: Exact time के साथ सामान्यतः at.
Rule 2: Day/date के साथ सामान्यतः on.
Rule 3: Month/year/season के साथ सामान्यतः in.
Rule 4: Starting point of time → since.
Rule 5: Duration → for.
Rule 6: Surface → on.
Rule 7: Inside → in.
Rule 8: Specific point → at.
Rule 9: Movement inside → into.
Rule 10: Instrument → सामान्यतः with.
27. Common Errors
❌ He is good in English.
✅ He is good at English.
❌ She is afraid from dogs.
✅ She is afraid of dogs.
❌ I have lived here since five years.
✅ I have lived here for five years.
❌ He has been ill for Monday.
✅ He has been ill since Monday.
❌ He is interested on music.
✅ He is interested in music.
❌ The train arrived in 5 p.m.
✅ The train arrived at 5 p.m.
28. Practice Questions
Q1. He was born _____ 2010.
Answer: in
Q2. School is closed _____ Sunday.
Answer: on
Q3. The train arrives _____ 6 p.m.
Answer: at
Q4. He has lived here _____ 2020.
Answer: since
Q5. He has lived here _____ five years.
Answer: for
Q6. The book is _____ the table.
Answer: on
Q7. The cat is _____ the table.
Answer: under
Q8. He went _____ the room.
Answer: into
Q9. He is good _____ Mathematics.
Answer: at
Q10. She is interested _____ music.
Answer: in
Q11. He cut the fruit _____ a knife.
Answer: with
Q12. This book belongs _____ me.
Answer: to
29. Objective Questions
1. He was born _____ July.
A. at
B. on
C. in
D. by
2. He came _____ 5 p.m.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. from
3. We go to school _____ Monday.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. for
4. He has been here _____ two hours.
A. since
B. for
C. from
D. at
5. He has been here _____ morning.
A. for
B. by
C. since
D. on
6. The cat is _____ the table.
A. under
B. into
C. towards
D. through
7. He is good _____ English.
A. on
B. at
C. of
D. from
8. She is afraid _____ dogs.
A. of
B. with
C. at
D. by
9. The train passed _____ the tunnel.
A. across
B. through
C. over
D. beside
10. He cut the apple _____ a knife.
A. by
B. from
C. with
D. of
11. The book is _____ the table.
A. on
B. into
C. among
D. from
12. This book belongs _____ me.
A. at
B. of
C. to
D. with
13. He sat _____ me.
A. besides
B. beside
C. between
D. into
14. The boy jumped _____ the river.
A. in
B. into
C. on
D. at
15. I prefer tea _____ coffee.
A. than
B. over
C. to
D. from
16. He is suffering _____ fever.
A. of
B. by
C. from
D. with
30. Quick Revision
AT
Exact Time
ON
Day / Date
IN
Month / Year
SINCE
Starting Point
FOR
Duration
IN
Inside
ON
Surface
AT
Specific Point
INTO
Movement Inside
WITH
Instrument
BETWEEN
Between distinct items
AMONG
Within a group
Exam Tip
Preposition में केवल meaning याद करने से काम नहीं चलेगा। fixed combinations जैसे good at, interested in, afraid of, depend on, belong to, listen to, suffer from को examples के साथ याद करें।
सबसे पहले AT–ON–IN और SINCE–FOR अच्छी तरह तैयार करें।